Operation Kaveri of India
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Operation Kaveri of India is a rescue mission launched by the government to evacuate stranded Indian citizens from Sudan where the Sudanese Army and paramilitary groups are fighting. The first batch of 360 Indians from crisis-hit Sudan arrived in New Delhi this evening under Operation Kaveri of India.
What is Operation Kaveri ?
- Operation Kaveri of India is a codename for India’s evacuation effort to bring back its citizens stranded in Sudan amid intense fighting between the army and a rival paramilitary force there.
- The Operation Kaveri involves the deployment of Indian Navy’s INS Sumedha, a stealth offshore patrol vessel, and two Indian Air Force C-130J special operations aircraft on standby in Jeddah.
- There are about 2,800 Indian nationals in Sudan, and there is also a settled Indian community of about 1,200 in the country.
- The warring factions in Sudan agreed to a 72-hour ceasefire on Monday after the US and Saudi Arabia mediated the truce while countries are engaged in evacuating their citizens from the country.
- Under its evacuation mission, India has set up a transit facility at Jeddah and all the Indians have been taken to the coastal Saudi Arabian city after their evacuation from Sudan.
- Minister of State for External Affairs V Muraleedharan is in Jeddah to oversee the evacuation mission.
What is the Current Crisis in Sudan?
- Background:
- The conflict in Sudan has its roots in the overthrowing of long-serving President Omar al-Bashir by military generals in April 2019, following widespread protests.
- This led to an agreement between the military and protesters, under which a power-sharing body called the Sovereignty Council was established to lead Sudan to elections at the end of 2023.
- However, the military overthrew the transitional government led by Abdalla Hamdok in October 2021, with Burhan becoming the de-facto leader of the country and Dagalo his second-in-command.
- Tussle between Army and RSF:
- Soon after the 2021 coup, a power struggle between two military (SAF) and paramilitary (RSF) generals arose, interrupting a plan to transition to elections.
- A preliminary deal was reached in December 2021 for a political transition, but negotiations hit a roadblock over the integration of the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) with the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), due to disagreements over the timetable and security sector reforms.
- Tensions escalated over the control of resources and RSF integration, leading to clashes.
- There was disagreement over how the 10,000-strong RSF should be integrated into the army, and which authority should oversee that process.
- Also, Dagalo (RSF general) wanted to delay the integration for 10 years but the army said it would take place in the next two years.
- Soon after the 2021 coup, a power struggle between two military (SAF) and paramilitary (RSF) generals arose, interrupting a plan to transition to elections.
Other Evacuation Operations of India
| Operation Ganga(2022): | It is an evacuation mission to bring back all the Indian nationals who are currently stranded in Ukraine.The tensions between Russia and Ukraine are currently heightened, with war erupting in Ukraine after the Russian military launched a series of attacks recently. |
| Operation Devi Shakti (2021): | Operation Devi Shakti was India’s complex mission to evacuate its citizens and Afghan partners from Kabul after its swift takeover by the Taliban. |
| Vande Bharat (2020): | When the Covid-19 pandemic hit the world, the Centre launched the Vande Bharat Mission to bring back Indian citizens stranded in foreign countries.In the multiple phases of the operation, about 60 lakh Indians were brought back as on 30th April, 2021 |
| Operation Samudra Setu (2020): | It was a naval operation as part of the national effort to bring home Indian citizens from overseas during the Covid-19 pandemic.It successfully brought back 3,992 Indian citizens to their homeland by sea.Indian Naval ships Jalashwa (Landing Platform Dock), and Airavat, Shardul and Magar (Landing Ship Tanks) participated in this operation which lasted over 55 days and involved traversing more than 23,000 km by sea. |
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